The ICP-AES method was applied to measure the abundances of rare earth elements in wallrock and ore samples from the Fangshankou V-P-U deposit in Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. The results show that REE of the deposit is usually of the LEE-en-riched type, and that the differences of contents, compositions and negative anomalies of Ce and Eu between samples from the deposits reflect changes in sedimentary environments. Correlation analyses of the samples indicate thatΣREE, which is negatively related to abundances of clay, organic carbon and V2O5, is positively correlated to contents of CaO,MgO,P2O5and U, and the negative correlation ofΣREE to organic carbon results from diagenesis, and that its relations to other chemical components are caused by sedimentary conditions combined with depositional process.