硫酸盐结晶法分离富集红土型镍矿酸溶浸出液中镍的实验研究
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The separation and enrichment of nickel from leachate of nickeliferous laterite by using sulfate crystallization
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    摘要:

    红土型镍矿中镍的常压酸溶浸出是近年来国际上研究的热点。本文对红土型镍矿常压硫酸浸出液中镍的分离富集进行了初步的实验研究。不同条件的硫酸盐结晶实验表明,红土镍矿硫酸常压浸出液硫酸盐结晶析出晶体主要为MgSO4·H2O。析出晶体中除了金属元素Mg,还有少量的Fe和Ni,并且Fe/Ni较原矿中大大缩小。该硫酸盐析出晶体利于后续处理中金属Ni的进一步富集回收。利用硫酸盐结晶过程富集与回收红土型镍矿常压硫酸浸出液中镍的方法,既减少能源消耗,又有利于环境保护,是一种简单易行且成本低廉的绿色生产工艺。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, lots of research work has been carried out for nickel recovery from the nickeliferous laterite through atmospheric acid leaching. The separation and enrichment of nickel in the leachate from the atmospheric acid leaching of the nickeliferous laterite was preliminarily investigated in laboratory. A new idea that sulfate crystallization can be used to separate and enrich the nickel within nickeliferous laterite is presented in this paper, which is beneficial to the nickel recovery from the nickeliferous laterite. The sulfate crystallization experiments under different conditions indicate that the crystals crystallized from the atmospheric sulfuric acid leachate of nickeliferous laterite are mainly MgSO4·H2O. More significantly, the ratio of Fe and Ni is reduced greatly in the solid solution, which is conducive to the further purification and recovery of the nickel, though it is not effective to separate the Fe and Ni in the liquor by the simple sulfate crystallization. The utilization of sulfate crystallization to separate and enrich the nickel of nickeliferous laterite not only reduces the energy consumption but also contributes to the environment. It is thus a simple and economical industrial method. It is feasible to separate and recover the nickel from the atmospheric sulfuric acid leachate of the nickeliferous laterite.

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王玲,鲁安怀,宋晓良,李艳,王长秋,2011,硫酸盐结晶法分离富集红土型镍矿酸溶浸出液中镍的实验研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,30(6):975~980. WANG Ling, LU An-huai, SONG Xiao-liang, LI Yan, WANG Chang-qiu,2011,The separation and enrichment of nickel from leachate of nickeliferous laterite by using sulfate crystallization[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,30(6):975~980.

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  • 收稿日期:2011-09-21
  • 最后修改日期:2011-10-28
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