In this paper, Taishan Jades were tested by such means as electron microprobe analysis (EPMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), whole rock chemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). They were discussed systematically in the aspects of colors, mineral composition, chemical composition, trace elements, texture, structure and physical properties. There are three types of Taishan Jades, namely Taishan green jade, Taishan black jade and Taishan piebald jade. The jade consists mainly of antigorite, with minor magnetite, carbonate, talc, chlorite, orthorhombic pyroxene, mica, pyrite, limonite and vaesite. The minerals in Taishan jades were formed in order of schistose serpentine→veined serpentine→talc→veined carbonate. The color of Taishan green jade and piebald jade is caused by Fe²⁺, and the color of Taishan black jade results from particles of magnetite. Taishan Jades consist of more Cr and Ni in comparison with Xiuyan Jades.