伊毛缟石在我国的首次发现及其分析电子显微术研究
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The First Discovery of Imogolite in China and Its Analytical Electron Microscopy (AEM) Investigation
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    摘要:

    伊毛缟石是一种具有纤维状形态的类晶质水化铝硅酸盐矿物。本文对我国首次发现于福建郭山风化型高岭土矿床中的伊毛缟石用分析电子显微术进行了矿物学研究。研究结果表明,在透射电镜下,伊毛缟石呈长数μm,宽60—250A的似线状或纤维状,这是它最重要的矿物学特征之一。选区电子衍射分析给出d(42)=3.30、d(04)=2.10和d(06)=1.40A三个比较(氵弥)散的衍射环所表征的典型伊毛缟石衍射花样。其化学成分主要由SiO2、Al2O3和H2O组成。

    Abstract:

    Imogolite is a hydrous aluminium silicate mineral with a fibrous shape and a low degree of crystal structural order. This paper reports the imogolite occurring in kaolin deposits of weathering residual type formed by the weathering of Guoshan granite at Tongan county, Fujian province. The mineral was studied by analytical electron microscopy (AEM) including transmission electron microscopy (TEM),selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and energy dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS).The fibrous shape is the most characteristic property of imogolite. Imogolite appeared in the electron microscope as thread-like or fibrous particles eseveral am long and 60-250 wide, but without well-developed tubular shape.Selected area electron diffraction of threads gives a typical electron diffraction pattern characterized by three diffuse rings at 3.30, 2.10 and 1.40 spacings. These three reflections on the electron diffraction pattern may be assigned the following indices:d2, 04, 06. The repeat distance along the fibrous axis calculated from the 06 reflection is 8.4.Imogolite varies widely in chemical composition and its chemical data are still limited. Energy dispersive X-ray spectra(EDS) analyses show that the imogolite is composed mainly of SiO2, Al2O3 and H2O. Small amounts of K2O and Fe2O3 in the form of impurities are also detected.This is the first discovery of imogolite, a paracrystalline aluminosilicate mineral, in China.

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张天乐,王宗良,1989,伊毛缟石在我国的首次发现及其分析电子显微术研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,8(4):347~352. Zhang Tianle Wang Zongliang,1989,The First Discovery of Imogolite in China and Its Analytical Electron Microscopy (AEM) Investigation[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,8(4):347~352.

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