我国一些铜镍硫化物矿床主要金属矿物的特征
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Characteristics of Main Metallic Minerals in Some Copper-Nickel Sulfide Deposits of China
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    摘要:

    镍、铜共生的铜镍硫化物矿床是镍矿也是铜矿的重要矿床类型。磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁 扩、黄铜矿是这类矿床的主要金属犷物.它们的某些矿物学特征,特别是微量元素Co/Ni比值, 与其他铜矿类型明显不同。这三种矿物组成不同于任何其他铜矿类型的典型矿物共生组合,形 成特殊的海绵陨铁状、珠滴状构造。这些特征无疑为矿床成因提供了重要信息.而浸染状、海 绵陨铁状旷石中这三种矿物相对含量的变化又常是这类矿床富镍或富铜特征的反映。

    Abstract:

    Copper-nickel sulfide deposits are mainly distributed in epicontinental stre-tching zones,continental rift zones and fault depression troughs.Ore-forming intrusive bodies are ferruginous ultrabasic rocks and basic rocks,exhibiting obvious mantle source characteristics. Pyrrhotite,Pentlandite and chalcopyrite are main metallic minerals in cop-per-nickel sulfide deposits. Pyrrhotite includes three variants (troilite, hexa-gonal pyrrhotite,and monoclinic pyrrhotite) and shows varied superstructural types. Chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite have high Co and Ni content and low Co/Ni ratios (Co/Ni<1),being obviously different from these two minerals in other types of copper deposits. Pentlandite commonly contains such minor elements as Co,Ag and Cu, and sometimes has high content of Ag and Cu, even forming Ag-pentlandite and Cu pentlandite Pyrrhotite-pentlandite-chalcopyrite constitutes basic minezal assemblage of this type of ore deposits, and this is obviously different from typical mineral assemblages of other types of copper deposits. With the advance of minerali-zation,these minerals can form different ore types. As a rule, pyrrhotite is richest in ore,whereas the amounts of pentlandite and chalcopyrite are related to the content of Ni and Cu in ore deposits.

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陈殿芬,1995,我国一些铜镍硫化物矿床主要金属矿物的特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志,14(4):345~354. Chen Dianfen,1995,Characteristics of Main Metallic Minerals in Some Copper-Nickel Sulfide Deposits of China[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,14(4):345~354.

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