新疆西准噶尔包古图金矿微量元素地球化学研究
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国家自然科学基金项目(41203032);科技部国际科技合作项目(2010DFB23390);大陆动力学国家重点实验室自主研究项目;“三秦学者”学术团队资助项目


Trace elements geochemistry of the Baogutu gold deposit in Western Junggar, Xinjiang
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    摘要:

    包古图金矿由石英脉型和蚀变岩型矿体组成,该矿的热液成矿期可以划分为4个阶段:粗粒石英脉阶段(Ⅰ)、含金细粒硫化物-石英脉阶段(Ⅱ)、含金粗粒自然砷-辉锑矿-石英脉阶段(Ⅲ)以及方解石脉阶段(Ⅳ),其中阶段Ⅱ和Ⅲ是主要的金矿化阶段,形成自然金赋存于毒砂、含砷黄铁矿中,银金矿被自然砷、辉锑矿包裹。阶段Ⅰ石英脉的稀土元素总量(0.83×10-6~3.67×10-6)明显低于阶段Ⅱ(11.01×10-6~30.18×10-6),轻重稀土元素分馏[(La/Yb)N=8.53~21.89]较阶段Ⅱ[(La/Yb)N=6.90~10.40]明显,但总体具有与区内中酸性侵入岩相似的稀土元素配分模式;阶段Ⅰ石英脉具有弱Eu正异常(δEu=1.09~1.80),阶段ⅡδEu主要集中于1.36~0.67之间;所有样品显示弱Ce负异常或无Ce异常(δCe=0.87~1.01)。矿化围岩和含矿石英脉中的黄铁矿均显示右倾型稀土元素配分模式,但石英脉中黄铁矿轻重稀土元素分馏更明显[(La/Yb)N=24.0~36.1] ,所有黄铁矿均具有明显Eu负异常(δEu=0.50~0.64)。不同阶段石英脉和黄铁矿中Ce、Eu异常表明成矿流体逐渐向较还原的状态演化。黄铁矿的Co/Ni比值(1.60~10.50)指示初始成矿流体为中温。包古图金矿含矿石英脉与区内广泛发育的中酸性斑岩体、岩脉在时间和空间上密切相关,具有相似的稀土元素配分模式,以上特征指示包古图金矿成矿作用与区内晚石炭世中酸性岩浆活动有关。

    Abstract:

    The Baogutu gold deposit consists of quartz-vein type and alteration type ore bodies. The hydrothermal process can be divided into four stages: coarse-grained quartz vein stage (Ⅰ), gold-bearing fine-grained sulfide-quartz vein stage (Ⅱ), gold-bearing coarse-grained native arsenic -stibnite-quartz vein stage (Ⅲ) and calcite vein stage (Ⅲ). Gold mineralization occurred at stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ, forming native gold and electrum enclosed by or coexisting with quartz, pyrite, native arsenic and stibnite. The total REE content of quartz veins formed at stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ is 0.83×10-6~3.67×10-6 and 11.01×10-6~30.18×10-6, respectively. The fractionation between LREE and HREE in stage Ⅰ quartz vein[(La/Yb)N=8.53~21.89] is more obvious than that in stage Ⅱ quartz vein[(La/Yb)N=6.90~10.40], although they all show LREE-enriched chon- drite-normalized REE patterns which are similar to patterns of porphyries in Baogutu area, with slightly positive Eu anomaly and negative Ce anomaly. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of sulfide samples such as pyrite and pyrrhotite separated from altered host rock and quartz veins are also right-oblique and characterized by obvious Eu negative anomaly (δEu=0.50~0.64). According to the Eu and Ce anomalies of quartz veins and pyrite, it can be concluded that the oxygen fugacity of the ore-forming fluid decreases from stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ. The Co/Ni ratios (1.60~10.50) of pyrite indicate that the ore-forming fluid is mesothermal, which is consistent with the estimation based on As atomic percentage in arsenopyrite. The gold-bearing quartz veins in the Baogutu gold deposit are closely related to intermediate-acidic stocks and veins in space and time, and they also share similar chondrite-normalized REE patterns and oxidation state, which indicates that the gold mineralization in Baogutu gold deposit is genetically related to intermediate-acidic magmatism in Baogutu area.

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安芳,朱永峰,2014,新疆西准噶尔包古图金矿微量元素地球化学研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,33(2):329~342. AN Fang, ZHU Yong-feng,2014,Trace elements geochemistry of the Baogutu gold deposit in Western Junggar, Xinjiang[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,33(2):329~342.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-10-15
  • 最后修改日期:2014-02-11
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-03-28
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