The exhumation of geological bodies is a product of interactions among Earth's spheres. Precisely determining the timing and processes of exhumation has become a crucial aspect of modern Earth system science. Thermochronological techniques, particularly fission-track and (U-Th)/He dating, play a central role in this endeavor. Conventionally, for the same mineral type within a single rock sample, the fission-track age should be greater than or equal to the corresponding (U-Th)/He age. However, the phenomenon of the (U-Th)/He age appears older than the fission-track age, and significant dispersion of single-grain (U-Th)/He ages beyond analytical error are common yet often overlooked anomalies in low-temperature thermochronology. This paper aims to clarify potential misconceptions in interpreting thermochronological data and provides a concise yet systematic review of the interplay among factors such as the accumulation and annealing of radiation damage, the U-Th zonation, thermal history, and mineral chemical composition. These factors can significantly alter the annealing behavior of fission tracks and the diffusion behavior of ⁴He within crystals, leading to a decrease in the fission-track annealing temperature and an increase in the (U-Th)/He closure temperature, thereby resulting in age inversion. The dispersion of single-grain (U-Th)/He ages and the inversion between fission-track and (U-Th)/He ages often carry important geological information, providing key clues for interpreting complex thermal histories.