The Lijiagou pegmatite-type lithium spodumene deposit is one of the typical deposits in the Ke’eryin ore field, located in the central part of the Songpan-Ganzi fold belt in Sichuan Province, China. Through recent exploration and assessment, the Lijiagou deposit has been identified as a super-large spodumene deposit, drawing significant attention from domestic and international scholars. The mineral processing characteristics of the Lijiagou deposit vary with elevation, necessitating an accurate evaluation of the industrial value of the ore. Based on detailed microscopic and hand specimen observations, this study employs various methods and techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), chemical element analysis, chemical phase analysis, and the mineral liberation analyzer system (MLA). These methods and techniques are used to determine the composition of the ore, identify the types and occurrence states of beneficial and harmful elements, and clarify the ore’s processing properties. The results will provide theoretical and technical support for the comprehensive utilization of rare metal resources in the region. The average grade of lithium ore is 0.94%, with approximately 84.7% of Li derived from spodumene. The average grade of Rb₂O is 0.13%, meeting the industrial-grade requirements for comprehensive recovery of associated elements. The spodumene exhibits a wide range of grain sizes and is highly heterogeneous, requiring multiple stages of grinding. Based on the liberation characteristics, it is recommended to grind the material to -0.075 mm before entering the final flotation process.